Former

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定义

former: 以前的，早先的 adjective
He is a former prime minister.他是前任首相。
The artist formerly known as Prince.以前这位艺术家被认为是王子。
I had problems with my former tenants.我和我的前任租客之间有问题。

示例

  • "Leaked nudes of former Intern land Delavigne Corp in hot water!"
  • "The sexiest former spy in the former KGB of the former Soviet Union!"
  • "No one was hurt during the revolution but the country did record its first ever act of violence when the former President's bodyguard was slightly pushed."
  • "Former Principal Buyer"
  • "The former Horatio Oléré"
  • "I earn a six-figure salary, I'm a former model, and have my own two-bedroom apartment in Pacific Heights."
  • "His second act was to have sex with the former President's wife."
  • "Many believe aliens are responsible for re-electing former US president George W."
  • "The internet is abuzz with new photos depicting former Delavigne Corp intern Edward Moon in a series of "compromising" positions."
  • "Moira : So it's an instrument of imperial English oppression used to subjugate its former colonies?"
  • "It's generally played in England and its former colonies: Australia, New Zealand, India, West Indies, to name a few."
练习 1
At the end of the letter, is a word which means "previous".

(You should type the word into the blank)
At the end of the letter, former is a word which means "previous".

(You should type the word into the blank)
former: "Former" means "previous". When Barbara writes that she is the "former principal buyer" for the Perfume Hut, she is expressing that she "used to be" or that she was the principal buyer for the company, before she "stepped down".
练习 2
This letter begins with the line "As you may or may not be aware, this year marks the 20th anniversary of the formation of... IACF"

Below are four formulas used for beginning letters. Choose the type of letter in which each of these phrases might be used.

-Please accept this as formal notice that I am stepping down...
-To whom it may concern, I am writing to request some further information...
-Dearest Butterfly, I can no longer keep our passionate affair a secret...
-Dear sir or madam, I am writing on behalf of my former colleague...
This letter begins with the line "As you may or may not be aware, this year marks the 20th anniversary of the formation of... IACF"

Below are four formulas used for beginning letters. Choose the type of letter in which each of these phrases might be used.

-Please accept this as formal notice that I am stepping down... Letter of resignation 1
-To whom it may concern, I am writing to request some further information... Letter of inquiry 2
-Dearest Butterfly, I can no longer keep our passionate affair a secret... Love letter 3
-Dear sir or madam, I am writing on behalf of my former colleague... Letter of recommendation 4
1 Letter of resignation: This phrase is very likely to be found in a letter of resignation, used to notify an employer that the writer is "resigning", "stepping down" or formally ending a period of employment with a company'. The expression "to step down" is synonymous with "to resign", and is generally used in conjunction with important positions. Example: The CEO of Microtosh is stepping down next week.
1 Love letter: This line isn't likely to be found in a love letter.
1 Letter of inquiry: This line isn't likely to be found in a letter of inquiry, which is generally used to express one's interest in a product, position, company, or simply to request information.
1 Letter of recommendation: This line isn't likely to be found in a letter of recommendation, which is generally used to formally recommend a job applicant for a new position.
2 Letter of inquiry: This line is very likely to be found in a letter of inquiry, a letter which can be used to request information about a product, company, service, position, etc. In this type of letter, it is not necessary to address the recipient by name (as it is often unknown), so we frequently find formulas such as "To whom it may concern", "Dear Hiring Manager", "Dear sir or madam", etc.
2 Love letter: This line isn't likely to be found in a love letter.
2 Letter of recommendation: This line isn't likely to be found in a letter of recommendation, which is generally used to formally recommend a job applicant for a new position.
2 Letter of resignation: This line isn't likely to be found in a letter of resignation, which is used to formally notify an employer that the writer is ending a period of employment.
3 Love letter: I love you Butterfly. I want to shout our love from the rooftops. Tonight we will sup upon the wet innards of the finest Cantaloupe that one Rouble can buy. Come my sweet, let us dance like fairies around the hearth of our log cabin, make merry and sing in high-pitched voices like the castrati of yore.
3 Letter of recommendation: This line isn't likely to be found in a letter of recommendation, which is generally used to formally recommend a job applicant for a new position.
3 Letter of resignation: This line isn't likely to be found in a letter of resignation, which is used to formally notify an employer that the writer is ending a period of employment.
3 Letter of inquiry: This line isn't likely to be found in a letter of inquiry, which is generally used to express one's interest in a product, position, company, or simply to request information.
4 Letter of recommendation: This line is very likely to be found in a letter of recommendation (or reference), used to provide information about a job applicant, often written by a former employer or colleague. Its purpose is to provide a potential employer with helpful information about a candidate being considered. For example: Bruno read several letters of recommendation before hiring Brian Jones. In this context, "on behalf of" indicates that this letter is being written in the interest of someone else. The term "former" (colleague) refers to an "old" or "past" colleague.
4 Letter of resignation: This line isn't likely to be found in a letter of resignation, which is used to formally notify an employer that the writer is ending a period of employment.
4 Letter of inquiry: This line isn't likely to be found in a letter of inquiry, which is generally used to express one's interest in a product, position, company, or simply to request information.
4 Love letter: This line isn't likely to be found in a love letter.
练习 3
Rose tells us a lot about herself in this dialogue.

From the list below, select the TRUE statement(s) about Rose. There may be more than one correct answer!
Rose tells us a lot about herself in this dialogue.

From the list below, select the TRUE statement(s) about Rose. There may be more than one correct answer!
This is a false statement. Rose says "all I need is some of your sperm", and that she will "raise (the child) on (her) own". She tells Icarus that he doesn't have to "stick around" once the child is born. To "stick around" is to stay. Rose is telling Icarus that he doesn't have to stay with her to raise the child.
This statement is not true. Rose describes herself as "a former model". This means that she was a model in the past, but she no longer is. Another example: "I once dated a former boxer: it was quite an experience".
This is a true statement. Rose says "I earn a six-figure salary", meaning that the amount of money she is paid is at least one hundred thousand dollars. The expression "six-figure (number)" refers to a number containing six digits (like 784,812 or 533,890). Example: "I've bought a book that explains how to get a six-figure income".
This statement is true. Rose tells Icarus that she has her "own two-bedroom apartment". This means that the apartment belongs to Rose; it is hers. A "home-owner" is someone who owns their home (they have bought the house or apartment that they live in), and a "dog-owner" has a pet dog!
练习 4
Based on this letter, choose all the TRUE statements about Lauren Sandoval.

There may be more than one correct answer!
Based on this letter, choose all the TRUE statements about Lauren Sandoval.

There may be more than one correct answer!
This statement is true. The company offers to "reimburse" or "pay back" Lauren's expenses for her husband's (and cats') first visits to San Francisco.
This statement is true. Luna and Philip write about Lauren's transition to San Francisco from Nebraska. Lauren has been hired at the Delavigne Corporation, and will be moving to San Francisco. A "former (job)" is a previous job, or the job someone had before their current one.
This statement is true. In the third paragraph of this letter, we read that Lauren has a husband (and cats). A husband is a male spouse.
This statement is false. Although Lauren is expected to provide excellent customer service to Delavigne clients, these are part of her responsibilities as an account manager on the sales team.
练习 5
This letter begins with the line "As you may or may not be aware, this year marks the 20th anniversary of the formation of... IACF"

Below are four formulas used for beginning letters. Choose the type of letter in which each of these phrases might be used.

-Please accept this as formal notice that I am stepping down...
-To whom it may concern, I am writing to request some further information...
-Dearest Butterfly, I can no longer keep our passionate affair a secret...
-Dear sir or madam, I am writing on behalf of my former colleague...
This letter begins with the line "As you may or may not be aware, this year marks the 20th anniversary of the formation of... IACF"

Below are four formulas used for beginning letters. Choose the type of letter in which each of these phrases might be used.

-Please accept this as formal notice that I am stepping down... Letter of resignation 1
-To whom it may concern, I am writing to request some further information... Letter of inquiry 2
-Dearest Butterfly, I can no longer keep our passionate affair a secret... Love letter 3
-Dear sir or madam, I am writing on behalf of my former colleague... Letter of recommendation 4
1 Letter of resignation: This phrase is very likely to be found in a letter of resignation, used to notify an employer that the writer is "resigning", "stepping down" or formally ending a period of employment with a company'. The expression "to step down" is synonymous with "to resign", and is generally used in conjunction with important positions. Example: The CEO of Microtosh is stepping down next week.
1 Love letter: This line isn't likely to be found in a love letter.
1 Letter of inquiry: This line isn't likely to be found in a letter of inquiry, which is generally used to express one's interest in a product, position, company, or simply to request information.
1 Letter of recommendation: This line isn't likely to be found in a letter of recommendation, which is generally used to formally recommend a job applicant for a new position.
2 Letter of inquiry: This line is very likely to be found in a letter of inquiry, a letter which can be used to request information about a product, company, service, position, etc. In this type of letter, it is not necessary to address the recipient by name (as it is often unknown), so we frequently find formulas such as "To whom it may concern", "Dear Hiring Manager", "Dear sir or madam", etc.
2 Love letter: This line isn't likely to be found in a love letter.
2 Letter of recommendation: This line isn't likely to be found in a letter of recommendation, which is generally used to formally recommend a job applicant for a new position.
2 Letter of resignation: This line isn't likely to be found in a letter of resignation, which is used to formally notify an employer that the writer is ending a period of employment.
3 Love letter: I love you Butterfly. I want to shout our love from the rooftops. Tonight we will sup upon the wet innards of the finest Cantaloupe that one Rouble can buy. Come my sweet, let us dance like fairies around the hearth of our log cabin, make merry and sing in high-pitched voices like the castrati of yore.
3 Letter of recommendation: This line isn't likely to be found in a letter of recommendation, which is generally used to formally recommend a job applicant for a new position.
3 Letter of resignation: This line isn't likely to be found in a letter of resignation, which is used to formally notify an employer that the writer is ending a period of employment.
3 Letter of inquiry: This line isn't likely to be found in a letter of inquiry, which is generally used to express one's interest in a product, position, company, or simply to request information.
4 Letter of recommendation: This line is very likely to be found in a letter of recommendation (or reference), used to provide information about a job applicant, often written by a former employer or colleague. Its purpose is to provide a potential employer with helpful information about a candidate being considered. For example: Bruno read several letters of recommendation before hiring Brian Jones. In this context, "on behalf of" indicates that this letter is being written in the interest of someone else. The term "former" (colleague) refers to an "old" or "past" colleague.
4 Letter of resignation: This line isn't likely to be found in a letter of resignation, which is used to formally notify an employer that the writer is ending a period of employment.
4 Letter of inquiry: This line isn't likely to be found in a letter of inquiry, which is generally used to express one's interest in a product, position, company, or simply to request information.
4 Love letter: This line isn't likely to be found in a love letter.

进一步了解…

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